Garment defects causes and remedies in defects garments production. Classification of fabric defects online clothing study. Uneven distribution of tensions, across the fabric width while, dyeing or finishing the fabric. Different types of defects identification and controlling. The defects in knitting construction are considered here in terms of appearance and nature. Dec 20, 2016 after the knit defects post, we will talk about the defects found in woven fabrics. Apr 21, 2019 knitted fabrics can be made much more quickly and easily than woven fabrics at comparatively less cost.
Index term knit fabrics, dyeing faults causes and remedies 1. In this research we have found that it is very essential to know about different types of garments defects. Fabric defects in woven and knitted fabric hitesh choudhary. A defect of the knitted fabric is an abnormality which spoils the aesthetics i. The main cause is yarn breakage which happens due to. Defects of circular knit fabric and their remedies inviya. Knitted fabric faults and their remedies slideshare.
Defects in knitted fabrics, skew, bias, bowing, twisting, knots, thick yarn, thin yarn, uneven yarn structure, course yarn, slub, needle line, needle run, fabric run. Fabric is normally inspected and graded on one side only. Stitching the assignment date was eventually extended and we were told that defects could be picked from any stage of processing with a minimum of 32 defects. Request pdf dyeing process, faults and remedies in textile dyeing industry. Ensure that the grey fabric used for one shade is knitted from the same lot of the yarn. Still, some defects can have a variety of underlying causes associated with them. I would like to discuss about the major defects of knitted fabric. For that reason knitted fabric manufacturer always try to produce their fabric defects free, but several defects may occur in the products process. The selvedge of a fabric may be marked as bad it is wavy, corded, thick and thin and.
Almost all the defects appearing in the vertical direction in the knitted fabrics are as a cause of bad knitting elements. Dyeing process of knit fabric is different than others dyeing like fibre dyeing, yarn dyeing etc. Quantity, knitting balance, fabric need to be dyed. Bowingbowing appears as, rows of courses or yarn dyed stripes, forming a bow shape, along the fabric width causes. A study on knit fabric faults and their causes daffodil international. Apr 02, 2018 common defects of fabrics during manufacturing process includes back fabric seam impression, birds eye, bowing, broken colour pattern, colour out, colour smears, crease mark, drop stitching, dye streak in printing, hole, jerk in, knots, mixed yarn, mottled, needle line, open reed, pin holes, press off etc. Mar 24, 2014 shade variation can appear to be in fabrics with gsm variation, caused due to the uneven stretching, unequal fabric overfeed % etc. In a previous work 6, neural network methods were applied to images of simple circular knitted fabrics for classifying faults. Study on different types of dyeing faults, causes and. May 06, 2016 knitted fabric faults can also be detected by inspecting yarn input tension and loop but only few types of faults are concerned by these methods. Now a days garments defect is one of the most important factors of the apparel manufacturing industry because it creates a negative effect on actual productivity. Dec 14, 2018 the major defects in knitted fabrics be it flat knit or circular knit are as below. Remedies bowing can be corrected, by reprocessing the fabric feeding it from the opposite end.
Holes are the result of yarn breakage or cracks during knit fabric manufacturing. Introduction textile sector is the largest sector in bangladesh. There are various types of defects which occur in the knitted fabrics out of which majorly found defects like hole, knit. Fabric defect, causes and remedies toh problem kya hai. A case of knitted fabric quality control using pareto.
Some defects such as those linked to yarn can be detected before knitting and avoided when an adequate control is applied to yarn. Jun 26, 2018 all the above knitting faults have discussed in the following with their causes and remedies. Machine vision tool for realtime defect detection and. This paper aims with different types of defects which are the common term in the garment industry.
It selects machine for knit the fabric for specific type of fabric. Jan 01, 20 as fabric is constructed of yarn, any fault or defect in the yarn could produce faults in the knitted fabric holes, horizontal lines, bars and streaks, pressoff, etc. In textile industry, a lot of faults observed in knit fabric from its manufacturing process to knitting, dyeing and finishing which are totally unexpected. The imperfections may be the result of faulty yarn, knitting machine malfunction or improper finishing. Barre is typically found parallel to the filling of woven fabric or to the courses of circular knit fabric. Knitting it is very natural that in the course of knitting fabrics, imperfections occur. The amount of fabric rolls inspected was varied with the fabric type in every week due to buyer requirement. A yarn, in a course or wale, of higher iustre than the adjacent yarns. Defects found in fabric ruin the aesthetic appeal and quality of the final garment, making it really important to. Major defects of knitted fabric textile merchandising. It is also highest foreign currency earning sector in bangladesh. Yarn dust, setup, loop mark, needle break, oil spot, thick and thin place, mix yarn or lot mix, hole.
Study on different types of knitting faults, causes and. The major defects in knitted fabric can be divided into 1 bands and streaks and 2 stitch defects. In order to reduce the computational load for the following image processing, the entire image of the knitted fabric is split in 10 subimages with a resolution of 6144 x pixel. Knit fabric faults with causes and remedies textile tutorials.
These are fabric defects caused due to faulty yarns. The imperfections of knitted fabric may be due to faulty yarns, malfunctioning knitting machine parts or poor finishing. Planning for knitting this section plans for knitting production. An automated defect detection and identification system can enhance the product quality and results in improved productivity to meet both customer demands and to reduce the costs. The results showed that the lower penetration force. Study on different types of defects and their causes and. Different types of knitted fabric like single jersey, rib, lacoste. The assignment date was eventually extended and we were told that defects. Knit fabric faults from all three stages have mentioned the below. Defects in garments, sewing defects, colour effects.
Main remedy is avoiding yarn breakage and using defect free needles. Study on different types of dyeing faults, causes and remedies of. Dec 12, 2016 when using knit fabrics or when involved in knitting process, keep in mind the abovedescribed defects with their causes and remedies to ensure required parameters are being met, and the fabric. Report on defects of woven fabrics and their remedies. State road 7, north vernon, in 47265 telephone 82 346588 fa 82 3467357 molding defects, causes, corrective actions. Two yarns forming loops in each course of the fabric knit the fabric. Human inspection by using knitted fabric inspection machines remains today the most used way to classify faults after knitting and after finishing 5. Quality control in the knitting process and common knitting.
Common woven fabric defects with pictures textile blog. Defects due to, or apparent after, dyeing, printing or finishing section 6. Defects in garments, sewing defects, colour effects, sizing defects. Barre is a defect observed in widthwise direction, broad in nature with equal interval over length of fabric. The defects in knitting construction are considered in terms of appearance and nature. Shade variation can appear to be in fabrics with gsm variation, caused due to the uneven stretching, unequal fabric overfeed % etc. The machine parameters setting like as proper process curve, reel speed, cycle time, temperature grading etc. Study on different types of knitting faults, causes and remedies of knit fabrics quality, a fault index fi for each fault type wa s defined. Study on different types of knitting faults, causes and remedies of knit fabrics. Knit fabric faults with causes and remedies textile. Fabric faults dyeing and finishing faults with remedies.
The study of fine gauge knitted fabric defects during the six months showed that fabric nonquality is linked to three main sources. Pdf study on different types of knitting faults, causes and. It can occur, if many adjacent needles produce the drop stitches. Dyeing balance, rfd ready for delivery, rfd balance, delivered fabric and delivery balance. To name a few breakage of needle during knitting, faulty yarn, lack of machine maintenance or even improper storage conditions can lead to holes. A defective portion in the fabric marked by distortion or cutting of warp and weft. Bad selvage in woven fabrics due to faulty weaving.
Many types of fault may be found in knitted fabric due to many reasons. Condition where courses are not square with wale lines on knit. Faults of knit fabric observed in textile manufacturing. Knitting machines form loops of yarn with many pointed needles or shafts. A hole in a knitted fabric for example can turn up due to a variety of reasons. Hope this paper will help those people who are in textile dyeing industry. Study on different types of dyeing faults, causes and remedies of knot fabrics. Fabric defects please find below some common fabric defect. Dyeing is the process of adding color to the textile material. The amount of fabric which feed into the folder not exceed limit because it tends hem to roll over. Cause and remedies introduction a defect of the knitted fabric is an abnormality which spoils the aesthetics i.
Common fabric defects and its causes textile school. Keywords knit fabric, knitting fault, causes, remedies, inspection. The vertical rows of loops are called ribs or wales, and horizontal rows of loops are called courses. This defect is caused by irregularity in processing of the yarn, e. Project on root causes analysis of knitted fabric faults. It is very natural that in the course of knitting fabrics, imperfections occur. The result showed the successfulness of the methods, but this approach is not useful in industry because the process.
Assign points to the defects based upon their length within the plane of the. Pdf study on different types of knitting faults, causes. Most of the defect in the fabric is either highlighted or covered in especially in. Detect and assign points to defects observed as agreed upon by all parties. Sadek, j textile sci engg journal of textile science. During loop formation the yarn breaks in the rejoin of the needle hook. Identifying defect causes of weft greige knitted fabric. Faults in the knit fabric can be produced at the three stages from its manufacturing to dyeing finishing. There are different types of defects found in knitted fabric, but the defects of knitted fabric is less than woven fabric. Joint industry fabric standards and guidelines page 2 of 61 2010 revision introduction when the joint industry fabric standards and guidelines committee was formed in the mid70s, it was agreed by all concerned that standards and guidelines were needed for woven and knit upholstery fabrics. Minor defect a defect that does not reduce the usability of the product but is nevertheless a workmanship defect. There are some certain defects in garments like sewing defects, colour effects. Note this defect is caused by irregularity in processing of the yarn, e. Line or design running at slight angle across the cloth.
As knitting is the process of converting yarns to fabric, during the process defects like needle line, hole, yarn variation, lycra jump, oil stain, sinker mark and so on are appeared and because of these defects the rejection rate reaches to 7. Certain types of end use fabrics may be inspected and graded on both sides as agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier. A case of knitted fabric quality control using pareto chart. If the yarn count is not correct on regarding structure, gauge, course and density. Holes are the results of yarn breakage or yarn cracks. General defects except where otherwise stated, the descriptions apply to defects appearing in both warp knitted fabrics and weft. Different types of grey fabrics were evaluated for defect identification. The imperfections may be the result of faulty yarn, knitting machine.
For this reason, storage, procurement of appropriate yarn, and quality checks of the yarn are essential in order to eliminate faults in the knitted fabric. Defects in garments, sewing defects, colour effects, sizing. Apr 05, 2021 international 4 point system table 2 was used for grey knitted fabric checking by qc quality checking team. Tolerance limits of defects size, repeatability, quality, significance will be defined later. Adding softener treatment during every process from finishing processes and tested cotton knitted fabric was alkali and enzymatic scoured, prebleached and bleached in laboratory and in industrial conditions.
Ensure strict supervision on pick density at the start of a beam. Knitted fabrics and types list of knitted fabrics textile. Make sure all the latches of needle are closed with feeding yarn after a drop stitch. Defect classification in fabrics, woven and knits fabric defects. To minimize the value loss due to variety of defects occurring in the fabric, a manufacturer should try to minimize fabric defect from every processing steps. The yarn had already broken in the region of the needle hook during loop formation.
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